Rhetoric refers to the art of using words effectively to communicate. a.) To divide the German army cooperating in trials to bring former Nazis to justice Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution, a world which still seemed to have no place for them. C. D) pressuring Germany into providing financial reparations to victims of the Holocaust. Why was the United States reluctant to launch a land invasion of Japan? D. He thought that the United States would try to establish a permanent military presence in Western Europe. 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW After World War II, the American people continued to oppose increased immigration. What events is the preamble referring to in this excerpt? Did not destroy all ships/ C. the military did not expand quickly until after the creation of the draft. C) the independence of former British colonies in the Middle East Most of Japan's former colonies were now under U.S. control. Admiral Nimitz was able to secure a decisive victory against the Japanese naval forces at the Battle of Midway because Virtually none of the fighting had taken place on U.S. soil. In the next 20 years, the Cold War spawned many tensions between the two superpowers abroad and fears of Communist subversion gripped domestic politics at home. How did Hitler gain territory between 1930-1938? B. With men off to fight a worldwide war across the Atlantic and the Pacific, women were called to take their place on the production line. The only editing redacted interviewee names from several recordings and removed Leadbelly's two songs for which permissions have not yet been received. B.It showed the United States clearly supported the Allies. B. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 2 ", a.) C) transform "undesirables" into productive members of society. ", b.) "Despite government defense contracts, corporate profits remained stagnant through the 1940s." He believed that cutting off Germany's shipping routes on the Atlantic was the key to winning the war. D. He issued an order to desegregate the military. Ships that arrived at 11 p.m. on August 31, for instance, could be fined for bringing passengers from countries where the quota had already been filled; one hour later, on September 1, the passengers could enter under newly opened quota slots. D. American women and minorities found new opportunities. The IRO also operated the International Tracing Service whose purpose was to help survivors find their families and learn the fate of loved ones. While overall immigration into the United States did not increase, between 35,00040,000 DPs, most of whom were Jewish, entered the United States between December 22, 1945, and July 1, 1948, under provisions of the Truman Directive. A) segregated Jews at every level of German society. World War II's longest continuous campaign takes place, with the Allies striking a naval blockade against Germany and igniting a struggle . C) World War I and the Spanish Civil War D. the establishment of internment camps for resident aliens. The Pearl Harbor attack The Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor began just before 8 a.m. local time Sunday morning, December 7, 1941. Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States entered World War II and financed the Allied war effort, and helped defeat Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy in the European theater. In 1921 and 1924, the US Congress passed immigration laws that severely limited the number and national origin of new immigrants. b.) C) the prohibition of dictatorships like the Soviet Union. They mobilized all their armored divisions in Italy for a supposed invasion there. C. through the American Lend-Lease Act d.) Select an argument used to oppose U.S. involvement in World War II. C. Americans suffered heavy losses at Pearl Harbor. C. "The government issued a defense contract with our company, but we were not guaranteed a profit." A. collect money for the war effort through the sale of war bonds. They were followed in June 1940 by Italy, in June 1941 by Russia, and in December 1941 by Japan and the USA - though the conflict as a whole had actually began in July 1937 with war between China and Japan. The relationship between the Allies was complicated by We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies and the Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia. avenging the attack on Pearl Harbor D. intercept enemy intelligence and relay it to the troops on the frontlines. A) the passing of the War Powers Acts. How did the bombing of Pearl Harbor lead to the entry of the United States into a war against Germany? In 1951, the United Nations adopted the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, which has been signed by 145 nations. It is actual collaboration so well calculated that all the continents of the world, and all the oceans, are now considered by the Axis strategists as one gigantic battlefield. D) victory over the Axis Powers abroad and discrimination at home. C) 71,000 people. a.) A. Isolationists thought aid would bring us into war; interventionists thought aid would keep us out of the war. In 1950, Congress amended the Displaced Persons Act, an amendment Truman signed with very great pleasure. The Act authorized a total of 400,744 visas for displaced persons (of which 172,230 had been issued in the previous two years) and removed the geographical and chronological limits which had discriminated against Jewish DPs. ____________________ Petra prefers water-skiing and is quite good at it. Polling also showed that more Americans supported immigration limits on Jewish DPs than on Germans who had left their homes fleeing Soviet occupation. B) victory over the Axis Powers and the Soviet Union General Eisenhower was appointed Supreme Commander of Allied forces in Europe because purchasing government war bonds. Before the Holocaust, approximately how much of Europe's Jewish population lived in Poland? A. acknowledged classified them as enemy combatants. The War against Poland: Speed and Brutality, The Jewish Ghettos: Separated from the World. If a sentence has no predicate adjective, write None on the line provided. The war was in many respects a continuation, after an uneasy 20-year hiatus, of . B. Hence, the sudden attack almost shocked the entire United States. Over 100,000 Japanese Americans were forced into internment camps as a result of Executive Order 9066, which Americans and the Holocaust online exhibition, Teaching Materials on Americans and the Holocaust, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Library bibliography: The United States and the Holocaust, Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. "My factory converted its production lines to produce bombers, and we hired more workers. Both collections are included in this presentation. D) more than 20 years. Public policy, like the so-called GI Bill of Rights passed in 1944, provided money for veterans to attend college, to purchase homes, and to buy farms. A. They were the largest population centers in Japan. The roots of World War II, which eventually pitted Germany, Japan, and Italy (the Axis) against the United States, Great Britain and the Soviet Union (the Allies), lay in the militaristic ideologies and expansionist policies of Nazi Germany, Italy, and Japan. On May 19, 1921, President Warren Harding signed the Quota Act of 1921 (also known as the Emergency Quota Act). The new law reflected anti-Catholic, antisemitic sentiment in the country. . The Soviet Union owed the United States a massive amount of debt. Students view the film, analyze a primary source from the Oyneg Shabes archive, and consider why it matters who tells the stories of the Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto. A. The 1967 United Nations Refugee Protocol expanded the 1951 Refugee Convention, which had originally limited the definition of refugee to people who had been displaced in Europe prior to 1951. \underline{\hspace{3cm}} Fierce, wild dogs are inhabitants of the island, too. D. universal education. was able to return its focus to domestic issues. B. Place the events related to World War II in the correct sequence, following the signing of a mutual defense treaty by Japan and Germany. Pete Seeger playing banjo, 1948. Being attacked by a foreign power drew the country immediately into the war. Thirty-five years after they won that apology and survivors of prison camps received $20,000 each . After the United States entered World War II, A. the federal government seized control of factories in order to increase war production. The Nuremberg Laws B. the Tripartite Pact C) creating a military tribunal to punish those who participated in the Nazi genocide. The population plummeted due to people going to fight overseas. B. Without any significant factual evidence, the government perceived Japanese Americans as being a threat to national security. They were chosen randomly. After the Day of Infamy: "Man-on-the-Street" Interviews Following the Attack on Pearl Harbor presents approximately twelve hours of opinions recorded in the days and months following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, from more than two hundred individuals in cities and towns across the United States. General Patton had already turned down the position. On August 9, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill first met aboard the cruiser USS Augusta. d.) The new immigration law reserved 6% of each years visas for people who were fleeing persecution in communist areas or the Middle East, or had escaped after a natural disaster. The labor demands of war industries caused millions more Americans to move--largely to the Atlantic, Pacific . D. Many Americans believed the Soviet Union posed a greater threat than the Nazis or the Japanese. cutting off its access to the rich Caucasus oil fields. C. General Montgomery had misgivings about being allied with the Soviets. A. gave orders to surrender. In an attempt to prevent American interference in the Pacific war, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, the US naval station in Hawaii, in a surprise attack on December 7, 1941. . C. Flushed with their success against Germany and Japan in 1945, most Americans initially viewed their place in the postwar world with optimism and confidence. "Corporations and business owners used the assembly line to tackle production on a massive scale. C. He worried it would fail because the German U-boat presence in the English Channel was too strong. C.The German economy was strained, and Hitler began his forced labor camps. B. the economy failed to improve. Germany and Japan were to pay for the resettlement of displaced persons from the countries they formerly occupied. This presentation was made possible with the generous support of the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute and the New Deal Network. D. What was the effect of Hitler's blitzkrieg tactics? Audie Murphy famously received the Congressional Medal of Honor for D. Millions of men and women entered military service and saw parts of the world they would likely never have seen otherwise. After World War II, thousands of Nazis became informants in the Cold War against the Soviet Union and then got entry into the U.S. Eric Lichtblau's new book, The Nazi Next Door, tells the story. A. a pact signed by Great Britain and the United States that endorsed certain principles for building a lasting peace and establishing free governments in the world Nazi Germany declared war on the United States on December 11, 1941. America Declares War on Germany. b.) D) was the official name the Nazis gave to the agency which oversaw the concentration camps. B. the refusal of the U.S. to trade any natural resources with Japan. B. What was the main result of the Wannsee Conference in January 1942? Example directobject\underline{\color{#c34632}{direct~ object}}directobject 1. The 1924 law capped quota immigration at 164,667 people per year. Hitler 's greatest strategic disadvantage in opposing the Allies' imminent reentry into Europe lay in the immense stretch of Germany 's conquests, from the west coast of France to the east coast of Greece. We are now to a certain extent protected on our flanks. Since 1980, the United States has had a defined procedure for carrying out the countrys agreed-upon duties under the protocol. It allowed Germany to attack Poland with having to fight on two fronts. it effectively destroyed Japan's ability to launch airstrikes. B) join political organizations. Six million European Jews had been murdered. Select an argument used in favor of U.S. involvement in World War II. A) one million people. Why is Frank hopeful that the Nazi reign will end? Students review the documents and videos from previous lessons and consider what information supports, expands, or challenges their thinking about the essay. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 It created new quotas, which heavily favored England and northern Europe and set much lower quotas for immigrants from southern and eastern Europe, who had made up the majority of more recent immigration. D. the Selective Service Act, What was the world reaction to these aggressive actions? The Senate passed a bill on June 2, 1948, the House passed another on June 11, and a hurried compromise ensued, finally reaching the president on the final day of the congressional session. D) the beginning of World War II. d.) A. Claudia Bautista, Santa Monica, Calif. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. C. To control rent and other consumer prices after the start of World War II, the Office of Price Administration was established. We are going to win the war and we are going to win the peace that follows. Which series of events is arranged in the correct chronological order? A second series of interviews, called "Dear Mr. President," was recorded in January and February 1942. What major advantage did the United States possess over the Soviet Union following the war? Why did the Allies refuse to bomb railway lines to the Nazi death camps? In 1958 and 1966, presidents Eisenhower and Johnson issued parole directives to aid 30,700 Hungarian refugees and nearly 500,000 Cuban refugees fleeing their nations revolutions, reclassifying these refugees as permanent US residents. B) the creation of a five-member Security Council. On May 24, 1924, Congress passed the Immigration Act of 1924, also known as the Johnson-Reed Act or the National Origins Act. Also included are biographies of the fieldworkers who conducted and arranged the interviews, complete transcripts of the interviews, related manuscripts, and original disc sleeves. B. a pact signed by Great Britain, France, and the United States agreeing to declare war on Germany and divide its lands after the war A) Spanish Civil War and World War II all of Japan's aircraft carriers were mistakenly directed to Guam. his heroic conduct in Guam and the Philippines. "I was outraged when the government nationalized my business and forced us to produce war material." C) about 15 years In March 1980, Congress passed the Refugee Act of 1980, expressing that it is the historic policy of the United States to respond to the urgent needs of persons subject to persecution in their homelands. The Act laid out the procedures for the admission of refugees into the United States and how the US would fulfill its obligations as a signatory of the United Nations Refugee Protocol. US consulates in Nazi-occupied territory shut down in July 1941. After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? Battle of the Atlantic: September 3, 1939 to May 8, 1945. D. was assassinated by a group of his own generals. They used a secret Navajo code in all communications related to the invasion. b.) What was the importance of the Lend-Lease Act? strategically bombing Germany's major industrial centers. The overall impact of such public policies was almost incalculable, but it certainly aided returning veterans to better themselves and to begin forming families and having children in unprecedented numbers. B. A. individual liberties (This happened just as the systematic, Allied victory brought an end to Nazi terror in Europe in May 1945, and to the, President Harry S. Truman favored a liberal immigration policy toward, The International Refugee Organization (IRO), a temporary specialized agency of the newly established United Nations, was created in December 1946 to replace the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) and the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees (IGC), which had originally been created during the. Wallace would later become a crucial part of the US Navy, and serve as a Corpsman in the Pacific Theater. ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. To protect Australia from a Japanese invasion, a.) B. leading the charge at Omaha Beach during the Allied invasion at Normandy. American military officials knew that many Japanese soldiers would rather die than surrender. A. the Atlantic Charter Soviet mistrust of Western intentions. When World War I broke out across Europe in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the United States would remain neutral, and many Americans supported . They believed Germany would be easily defeated, freeing up forces to join the conflict in the Pacific. B. the enforced rationing of consumer goods. "My father got hired at Henry Ford's plant building B-24 bombers, and he managed to save enough money to buy a family car. The United States did not immediately adopt a consistent refugee policy in the wake of World War II, instead patching together various immigration, refugee, and displaced persons legislation for temporary fixes to address specific crises. The United Nations Refugee Protocol of 1967 established the current international norms for defining and dealing with refugees, and 146 countries, including the United States, have signed this protocol. B) the course of the war turned in favor of the Axis Powers. holding free elections in Eastern Europe after the war. The United States will probably no longer make aircraft, weapons, and transport available to England so carelessly, as it can be assumed that they will need these for their own war against Japan. What did the dictators of totalitarian systems have in common? Civil rights march on Wash[ington], D.C. / [WKL]. The United States did not sign the 1951 Refugee Convention. Draw two lines under each verb. On December 8, 1941 (the day after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor), Alan Lomax, then "assistant in charge" of the Archive of American Folk Song (now the American Folklife Center archive), sent a telegram to fieldworkers in ten different localities across the United States, asking them to collect "man-on-the-street" reactions of ordinary Americans to the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the subsequent declaration of war by the United States. Facing History & Ourselves uses lessons of history to challenge teachers and their students to stand up to bigotry and hate. A. b.) We are now in the midst of a war, not for conquest, not for vengeance, but for a world in which this Nation, and all that this Nation represents, will be safe for our children. C. the British Royal Air Force When did the United States enter World War I? A. d.) World War II was just six years long but surprisingly, it had two presidents ruling the United States during its course. The United States Enters World War II. What was the Atlantic Charter? d.) Congress demanded an immediate end to the war . Japan had committed too many of its resources to defending Hong Kong. At the last minute, the Senate rejected the Houses proposed amendment, which would have made a distinction between immigrants and refugees by exempting immigrants who could prove they were escaping political or racial persecution. Using the strategies from Facing History is almost like an awakening. B) about 10 years D. the Japanese assault on Pearl Harbor. Hundreds of thousands of liberated Jews, suffering from starvation and disease, emerged from concentration camps, hiding places, and places of temporary refuge to discover a world which still seemed to have no place for them. Through the government's bracero program, B) the establishment of the U.N. Security Council. recruit men for the military services. D. American women and minorities found new opportunities. B. Interventionists finally agreed with the isolationist position. C) She maintains an optimistic view of humankind. Choose the statement that best reflects the experiences of African Americans after the United States entered World War II. a.) forcing Italy to surrender and change sides. C34632 } { direct~ object } } Fierce, wild dogs are inhabitants of the Axis Powers and! Students to stand up to bigotry and hate course of the U.S. to trade any natural resources Japan. B.It showed the United States a massive scale Atlantic: September 3, to... 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